Female genital mutilation is a health and human rights issue which extends to western countries. Mutilation simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This research is on theft and mutilation of library materials in academic library. More than 90 percent of girls in somalia and in northern sudan are subjected to the most severe.
Female genital mutilation is sometimes referred to as female circumcision linking it to male circumcision which is widely practised in africa for as a religious recommendation but also for therapeutic reasons. Female genital mutilation fgm, has increasingly been the subject of legislative activity both in african. The practice has generated global debate and has evolved to be a contentious issue that has divided academic and activist opinion irvine, 2011. This report is a comprehensive statistical overview of female genital mutilationcutting fgmc in the 29 countries where the practice is concentrated. The notes will be updated occasionally, and will i hope serve as an introduction to most of the issues arising in the eradication of fgm, in both lowresource and more structured settings. Fgmc refers to cutting and other procedures that injure the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons. Migration and female genital mutilation motivation female genital mutilation fgm, also known as female genital cutting or female circumcision, refers to the partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for cultural, religious, or other nonmedical reasons. It is estimated that there are some seventeen thousand women and girls living in spain who have either been mutilated or are at risk of being so.
A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change. Our handy tool even allows you to automatically split individual pages of your document into separate files. Government working together for the abandonment of female genital mutilation cutting. Media in category activism against female genital mutilation the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. Female genital mutilation has no health benefits, is harmful to the health of women and girls, violates. Female genital mutilationcutting the problem of female genital mutilation or cutting has become an increasing concern in the uk, europe and worldwide in recent years. Female genital mutilation and its management this guideline, published as an rcog statement in 2003 under the same title, has been revised as a greentop guideline. Female genital mutilation fgm is one of the most extreme expressions of genderbased violence and a violation of womens rights. Female genital mutilationcutting fgmc is a traditional practice with severe health consequences for girls and women. Pdf female genital mutilationcutting in africa researchgate.
Nigeria, due to its large population, has the highest absolute number of female genital mutilation fgm worldwide, accounting for about onequarter of the estimated 115 million circumcised. Imap statement on the elimination of female genital mutilation october 2015 female genital mutilation challenges a world in which sexuality is recognized both as a natural and precious aspect of life and as a fundamental human right. However, female genital mutilation is a cultural practice that is deeply rooted in society, and in order to change this tradition, a change is needed in attitudes and. Female genital mutilation are all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons. Learn more to embed this file in your language if available use the lang parameter with the appropriate language code, e. Legislation on female genital mutilation in the united states. Female genital mutilation is a violation of human rights. The form of female genital mutilation fgm or female genital cutting fgc practiced in liberia is type ii commonly referred to as excision. The practice is found in africa, asia and the middle east, and within communities from countries in which fgm is common. Moreover, since 1975 wrj has been on record against abuse of women and children. It can cause short and longterm health complications, including chronic.
Government working together for the abandonment of female genital mutilationcutting. Lakshmi anantnarayan, shabana diler, natasha menon. Other reliable information, contained in the documents published by the united nations and the world health organization, is also taken into. The author will also describe female genital mutilation in kenya. This briefing derives from my lecture 1 april 2016 on female genital mutilation, to postgraduate students at the liverpool school of tropical medicine. O trabalho aborda os desafios eticos concernentes a mutilacao genital feminina e a circuncisao masculina, mostrando similitudes e diferencas.
Only upload multiple files at one if they have the same size and margins, and you wish to crop them all. Female genital mutilation fgm is one of the most brutal hu man rights violations of our. Female genital mutilation 1996 women of reform judaism has adopted resolutions supporting the rights of children since 1977. Delinking female genital mutilation cutting from islam. Geneva 2 ibid 3 the term is used to describe this form of genital cutting because it is thought to have been introduced by the pharaohs of egypt. The canadian council of muslim women uses the term female genital cuttingmutilation fgcm to respect the opinions of women who have experienced the procedure as well as to show strong opposition to this practice.
Remove confidential or unwanted content, or extract specific pages into new documents. Mutilation is when the way a human body looks is permanently changed. Female genital mutilation cutting fgm c is a human rights issue that affects girls and women worldwide. Female genital mutilation in europe and the united states by. Female genital mutilationcutting fgmc is a traditional practice that ranges from nicking to total removal of the external female genitalia. Women with female genital mutilation, fertility and. Female genital mutilation comprises all procedures that involve the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons. In their paper on mental health problems associated with female genital mutilation fgm knipscheer et al 1 concluded that a considerable minority group, characterised by infibulated women who have a vivid memory of the circumcision and cope with their symptoms in an avoidant way, reports to. Fgm cannot in any case be compared to male circumcision which is believed to increase the sexual. Key points for abolishing female genital mutilation from the.
Cdc published the first estimates of the number of women and girls at risk for fgmc in 1997. International and regional human rights treaties and consensus documents providing. The practice is rooted in traditional practices whose origins are unclear. Female genital mutilationcutting in the united states. Pdf female genital mutilationcutting fgmc is a traditional practice in which the. Spam or selfpromotional the list is spam or selfpromotional. Desember 2008 3 summary female genital mutilation fgm is very common in somalia and sudan. Unicefs call to protect children, especially the most marginalized, is essential now more than ever and our global databases can inform that response by painting a picture of children around the world.
The clitoral hood a contested site khafd or female genital mutilationcutting fgmc in india a project by. Resolution on female genital mutilation montreal, 1994 the figo general assembly, considering that female genital mutilation female circumcision is a harmful traditional practice which is still prevalent in over 30 countries of the world, including areas of africa, asia and the middle east. The clitoral hood a contested site khafd or female genital mutilation cutting fgmc in india a project by. Because the event was full, and jubilantly noisy, i did not take in what levin was telling me about a book being published, which she edited, that focussed on my work against the practice of female genital cutting, or fgm female genital mutilation.
Our pdf splitter allows you to separate pdf pages into individual files. A call for a global response 2 about the end fgm european network the end fgm european network is an umbrella of 27 organizations in 14 european countries working to ensure sustainable european action to end female genital mutilation fgm. Inappropriate the list including its title or description facilitates illegal activity, or contains hate speech or ad hominem attacks on a fellow goodreads member or author. With this third study on female genital mutilation eige builds upon previous work. Pdf female genital mutilation fgm, which is any form of nontherapeutic intervention leading to the ablation or alteration of the female. Female genital mutilationcutting fgmc is a traditional practice in which the external female genitalia is partially or totally incised or excised for a nontherapeutic reason, usually without. Pdf an overview of female genital mutilation in nigeria. In all three policy documents, the european commission emphasised the. Select the area you want to crop and choose crop to selection. Since 2012, various constituencies have again raised concerns about the practice in. Theft and mutilation of library materials in academic. Separate one page or a whole set for easy conversion into independent pdf files. In the past it was referred to as female circumcision although in reality nothing could be further from a fair comparison. The africa coordinating centre for the abandonment of female genital mutilationcutting accaf, with support from the population council, sought to synthesize the evidence on the health impacts of fgmc, identify recommended interventions, and compile and analyse the existing reference materials.
Unicef estimates that at least 120 million girls and women have experienced fgmc. Incorrect book the list contains an incorrect book please specify the title of the book. Congress passed legislation making female genital mutilationcutting fgmc illegal in the united states. Female genital mutilation, also known as female genital cutting fgcm, is any procedure that involves total or partial. Female genital mutilation fgm, also known as female genital cutting and female circumcision, is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia. Female genital mutilation or cutting fgmc, also known as fgmc, is practiced in at least 28 countries of subsaharan africa, a few countries in the middle east and asia, and among immigrant populations from these countries in europe, north america, and australia.
It is no doubt a known fact that what motivates the developments of a society is the ability to get the right information at the right time and one of the agencies in this drive is the. However, female genital mutilation is a cultural practice that is deeply rooted in society, and in order to change this tradition, a change is needed in attitudes and behavior towards it. Female genital mutilation cutting fgmc is a traditional practice that ranges from nicking to total removal of the external female genitalia. Countryspecific information on the current state of national legislation dealing directly or indirectly with the issue of female genital mutulation reproduces the contents of the official communications received to date from national parliaments. Resolution on female genital mutilation montreal, 1994 the figo general assembly, considering that female genital mutilation female circumcision is a harmful traditional practice which is still prevalent in over 30 countries of the world, including. Eliminating female genital mutilation the united nations. It occurs mainly in countries along a belt stretching from senegal in west africa to somalia in east africa and to yemen in the middle east, but it is also practised in some parts of southeast asia. Report on female genital mutilation fgm or female genital cutting fgc released by the office of the senior coordinator for international womens issues practice. This report is a comprehensive statistical overview of female genital mutilation cutting fgmc in the 29 countries where the practice is concentrated. Education, health and ict for a transcultural worlda, eduhem 2016, 1517 june 2016, almeria, spain eradicating female genital mutilation. Key points for abolishing female genital mutilation from.
Analysis of the data reflects current perspectives on fgmc, informed by the latest policy, programmatic and theoretical evidence. Since 2012, various constituencies have again raised concerns about the practice in the united states. Documents from the european parliament suggest that more than half a million women and girls have undergone, or are at risk of, the procedure in the european. Female genital mutilation definition of the medicalization. This traditional practice is defined by the world health organization who, 2018 as all procedures that involveinjury to the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons and has been classified into 4 types. The africa coordinating centre for the abandonment of female genital mutilation cutting accaf, with support from the population council, sought to synthesize the evidence on the health impacts of fgmc, identify recommended interventions, and compile and analyse the existing reference materials.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. All procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs whether for cultural or other nontherapeutic reasons. Aug 14, 2018 female genital mutilation fgm is one of the most extreme expressions of genderbased violence and a violation of womens rights. A qualitative study on the consequences of female genital mutilation in womens health and the healthcare system in spain. Worldwide, an estimated 100 to 140 million girls and women have undergone. In 2012, the united nations general assembly adopted a milestone resolution calling on the international community to intensify efforts to end the practice. Government fact sheet on female genital mutilation or cutting. Female genital mutilation fgm does not have any health. Health impacts of female genital mutilationcutting. This change may be due to an accident, or it may be the result of torture losing a part of the body like a hand, or permanent scars different looking skin after a bad injury heals on the body, might be a result of mutilation. Female genital mutilation world health organization.
Furthermore, it hierarchises and perpetuates inequality and denies the right to bodily and psychosocial integrity of women and young girls. Female genital mutilation has been practiced worldwide in various forms and with different justifications and indications magoha and magoha, 2000. Migration and female genital mutilation iza world of labor. The titles and abstracts of all articles identified through the literature search were scanned for relevance. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license. In 2012, the united nations general assembly adopted a milestone resolution calling on the international community. Female genital mutilation cutting fgmc is a traditional practice in which the external female genitalia is partially or totally incised or excised for a nontherapeutic reason, usually without. The form of female genital mutilation fgm or female genital cutting fgc practiced. The mutilation or cutting of female genitals, also known as fgmc, has been practised for centuries among population groups in. In 1993 wrj called for support of legislation and programs to insure womens health, and in particular reproductive health. Female genital mutilationcutting fgmc is a human rights issue that affects girls and women worldwide. Split pdf pdf split into multiple files online free. Help your pdf meet the size limit by breaking down large documents into smaller pieces to facilitate electronic distribution. Government working together for the abandonment of.
425 327 994 630 1602 889 1438 1123 1118 1299 1563 1263 1447 1229 698 256 1634 1186 839 823 456 447 1332 1149 1341 1253 767 1017 91 1126 1378 1362